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Friday, March 6, 2020

Review tiếp các sách có mùi bịp nhé

Các sách của Malcolm Gladwell và rất nhiều sách khoa học xã hội bị lậm vào kể các giai thoại (anecdotes),
không có thống kê, và/hoặc
số mẫu không đủ, và/hoặc
Image result for malcolm gladwell
không có nghiên cứu khoa học được thẩm định (scientific peer-review) chứng minh.
Ví dụ: Outliers (Những kẻ xuất chúng) đưa nguyên tắc 10,000 giờ.
Phản biện: Có nghiên cứu rằng rèn luyện (practice) chỉ giúp tăng hiệu suất làm việc cỡ 2%, tăng GPA cỡ 0.16 ⁽¹⁾.
So sánh: Một nghiên cứu khác, gene quyết định 2.4 GPA ⁽²⁾.
Xem nguồn ở footnote.
Các quyển khác của Malcolm Gladwell cũng thế. Dùng đi thả thính / tán trai.
Image result for malcolm gladwell
Khi cháu đánh giá điểm này về Malcolm Gladwell thì các bảo vệ thường rơi vào dạng:
(i) Mà ổng viết dễ hiểu.
(ii) Mà ổng bán sách được là giỏi.
Điểm (i): Ờ, dễ hiểu mà có nguy cơ không áp dụng được 
Điểm (ii): Ủa sao người tiêu dùng lại khen người sản xuất sản phẩm (tác giả) là giỏi ăn tiền trên đầu người mua bằng sản phẩm nguy cơ khiếm khuyết vậy?
--
Giới thiệu các sách đề tài Khoa Học Thần Kinh (Neuroscience) & Khoa Học Xã Hội (Social Sciences) dựa trên nghiên cứu khoa học
1. Strangers to Ourselves: Discovering the Adaptive Unconscious - Timothy D. Wilson
Sách về tiềm thức. Viết rất hay, dễ hiểu.
Giới hạn khả năng dự phóng.
Image result for Strangers to Ourselves: Discovering the Adaptive Unconscious - Timothy D. Wilson
Giới hạn phản ứng của mình với những thứ xảy ra với mình.
Cùng một chuyện lặp lại nhưng mình không cải thiện phản ứng lắm.
Ứng dụng: Cách đương đầu với những thứ tiêu cực.
2. The Click Moment: Seizing Opportunity in an Unpredictable World - Frans Johansson
Nội dung như tựa. Các case study cách nắm lấy cơ hội.
Image result for The Click Moment: Seizing Opportunity in an Unpredictable World - Frans Johansso
3. Explaining Social Behavior: More Nuts and Bolts for the Social Sciences - Jon Elster
Image result for Explaining Social Behavior: More Nuts and Bolts for the Social Sciences - Jon Elster
4. A History of the Mind: Evolution and the Birth of Consciousness - Nicholas Humphery
Sách về ý thức.
5. The Mind Doesn't Work That Way: The Scope and Limits of Computational Psychology - Jerry A. Fodor
Image result for The Mind Doesn't Work That Way: The Scope and Limits of Computational Psychology - Jerry A. Fodor
6. The Wisdom Paradox: How Your Mind Can Grow Stronger As Your Brain Grows Older - Elkhonon Goldberg
Image result for The Wisdom Paradox: How Your Mind Can Grow Stronger As Your Brain Grows Older - Elkhonon Goldberg
Bổ sung trả lời câu hỏi của mọi người về ảnh hưởng của gene
Thu nhập con ruột có phụ thuộc thu nhập bố mẹ. Thu nhập con nuôi không phụ thuộc thu nhập bố mẹ.
Nguồn: How Large are the Effects from Changes in Family Environment - Bruce Sacerdote
Nguồn
⁽¹⁾ Deliberate Practice and Performance in Music, Games, Sports, Education, and Professions: A Meta-Analysis - Brooke N. Macnamara, David Z. Hambrick, Frederick L. Oswald
⁽²⁾ Genetic factors underlie the association between anxiety, attitudes and performance in mathematics - Margherita Malanchini, Kaili Rimfeld, Zhe Wang, Stephen A. Petrill, Elliot M. Tucker-Dob, Robert Plomin, Yulia Kovas
xem thêm tại ca cuoc bong da

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